Objective: 
The students acquire basic knowledge of the private law principles
The students acquire basic knowledge in the field of civil law and common law terminology and
concepts. They can tell the difference between civil law and common law systems.
The students acquire basic knowledge of the Polish civil law and Polish commercial law within the
comparative context
The students are able to master cases requiring basic knowledge of selected areas of civil and
commercial law
The students know the main principles of private and commercial law
The students know and understand the structure of Polish private law system
The students are aware of differences between civil law and common law
The students know types of legal persons and other forms of running commercial
activity
The students know the legal rules on contract conclusion, contract performance, the
remedies for the breach of contract and the rules on consumer protection
The students know the legal rules on liability in damages (both contractual and tortious
liability)
The students know and are able to use English terminology in the field of private law
The students are able to master cases requiring basic knowledge of selected areas of
civil and commercial law (also by using respective case law)

Assessment: 
The final grade consists of: exam ( 70 %), term papers ( 10% ), class activity ( 20% ).

Contents: 
1. Introduction: the notion of contract and the types of contracts, validity of contracts
2. Conclusion of contracts – offer and acceptance, pre-contractual agreements
3. Defects in consent: Mistake, Fraud, Threats, Unfair Exploitation, Illegality
4. Interpretation of contracts, finding contractual terms (implied and express terms)
5. Unfair terms in consumer contracts
6. Remedies for breach of contract
7. Frustration of contracts
8. Third parties’ rights in contract law
9. Introduction to the law of torts
10. Legal persons

Recommended reading: 
Piotr Machnikowski, Justyna Balcarczyk, Monika Drela, Contract Law in Poland, Kluwer Law
International 2011
Polish civil code, C.H. Beck 2012
M. Whincup, Contract Law and Practice, Kluwer Law International 2011

Hugh Beale (ed), Cases, Materials and Text on Contract Law, Hart Publishing 2010
Cees van Daam, European Tort Law, Oxford University Press 2013